Asher Brown Durand Free Essay Example, 1750 words

The Hudson River School was the first truly American school of painting that was formed of a group of painters active in the 19th century New York. Amongst the other of the group was Asher B. Durand who formed truth-seeking and aesthetically robust landscape scenes of young America and beyond it. It was a time when America was grappling with issues of national identity. His paintings celebrate what was uniquely American and show a country attempting to mark the identity of its own, distinguished from Europe. He was primarily aware that portraiture was not the prime genre in the America of the day nor did it bring as much respect and regard in the artistic circles as landscape painting. He painted big panoramic pictures that carried a message each. His paintings are sublime powerful visions of the American landscape that binds within them the ideology and beliefs that helped the nation during its formative years and shaped its future. Asher Brown Durand s landscape titled A View towa rds the Hudson Valley of the year 1851 helped create a national identity for young America which was much strived for. We will write a custom essay sample on Asher Brown Durand or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Those paintings embrace the transcendent vistas of the American landscape. They also offer a peek into another phenomenon that attained popularity in the 19th Century which was travel.

America’s Democracy Intervention Mystery, Cuba and You

How long does it take for things to change? It takes most things seconds to become different. Like when someone burn something, it turns into ash, or smash a banana, it turns In to mash. But when it comes to gargantuan things, like government, sometimes change seems impossible. Though America has made it happen before. Anerica should continue spreading democracy. From Kosovo to Japan, the country changed a solid government! In Columbia, they took advantage of their troubles to make their government more fair. Sadly though, governemt changing is not always sparkles and rainbows. They have failed multiple times with consequences that may cause WWW III. In Cuba, America tried and they went communist, and now they hate us. But because thy†¦show more content†¦Columbia shows that the U.S turned a country that bitterly hated America and loathed them, and the U.S overcame that made their angry, near anarchy government into the democracy it is today. But a wise man once said,  "Failure is always an option.† (Adam Savage, Mythbuster), America has learned that the hard way when we took on the challenge of Cuba. Cuba. The probable #1 fail in American history. Not many people still think it was a good idea to target Cuba, and the reasons are clear. Way back in the 1700s, Spain owned the island, but America gladly freed them after a six month war. So, on May 20, 1902 the U.S let go of the reins of their government, and gave it to them. Unfortunatly, Old America put a few catches into play. The U.S gets land for naval bases and are involved with all military forces that would be harmful to them. This was called the Platt Amendment. But, maybe from being a young country, they totally failed as a civilization. Poverty fell upon them after the sugar prices went down significantly, and a dictator, Gerardo Machado y Morales was elected in 1924. And he was overthrown by another dictator! His name was Sergeant Fulgencio Batisa Y Zaldà ­var, in September 4th, 1933. But he finally earned the title of supreme dictator on March 10th, 1952. But of course, people hated this. On July, 26, 1953, a bout 125 C ubans planned attack on the army base Moncado. Sadly, theShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthose of other settler colonies; the direct cross-influences among the U.S. and various European nations in terms of political institutions, social movements, and economic systems; and the repercussions of transcontinental and overseas American interventions from the late 1800s. The last two essays in this collection focus on vital themes that assumed growing importance in the last decades of the twentieth century, and will very likely be considered by subsequent generations to be among the processesRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesagreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Edmonds, Ennis Barrington. Rastafari : from outcasts to culture bearers / Ennis Barrington Edmonds. p. cm. IncludesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pages8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PREFACE Welcome to the 30th anniversary of Marketing Mistakes and Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decades. I hope you will find this new edition a worthy successor to earlier editions. I think this may even be my best book. The new Google and Starbucks cases should arouse keen student interest, and may even inspire another generation of

Motivation and Organizational Culture free essay sample

Motivation and Organizational Culture Assignment In any given business or workplace environment the employees that work there should be the most valued assets. Research has shown that personnel who are happy and taken care of are much more productive than those who are not, therefore establishing a more pleasing work atmosphere. That being said, business leaders and managers alike play an extremely important role in workplace psychology. According to our text, leadership is the process of leading a group and influencing its members to achieve common goals. All managers are leaders (Robbins, DeCenzo, and Coulter, 2011). In today’s society more managers are leading through empowerment by allowing team members to be involved in the decision making process. More and more employees â€Å"are developing budgets, scheduling workloads, controlling inventories, solving quality problems, and engaging in similar activities that until very recently were viewed exclusively as part of the manager’s job. As mentioned earlier, research has shown that employees who are pleased are far more beneficial than employees who are not. We will write a custom essay sample on Motivation and Organizational Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There are many things that managers can do to ensure that their employees feel valued, and remain satisfied. First of all, it is important that managers avoid using intimidation. To intimidate means to make nervous, or instill fear. In some cases an individual can take advantage of their title and turn in to an authoritarian. In a sense this means that the big guys squash the little guys.

When Is Humanitarian Intervention Justified free essay sample

When is Humanitarian Intervention Justified? â€Å"The regime is killing us, many of the opposition fighters are becoming criminals and the world is watching it like a film† (The Economist, 2013). This is a statement by a Syrian student whose sentiment has become common amongst Syrians. According to the UN, since March 18th 2011, the date that marked the beginning of the Syrian uprising, 70,000 Syrians, mostly civilians, have died, but the death toll is likely to be considerably higher (ibid. ). The conflict between followers of the governing Ba’ath Party and the Syrian opposition, which has turned into an utter civil war (Nebehay, 2012), has also resulted into a substantial refugee problem and a deficiency in basic resources and services that has led to â€Å"more than 4 million Syrians now lack[ing] fuel, electricity, a telephone line and food† (The Economist, 2013). These facts reveal that the Syrian situation, which has been going on for more than two years, has turned into a conspicuous humanitarian catastrophe. We will write a custom essay sample on When Is Humanitarian Intervention Justified? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Yet, â€Å"both NATO and the United States have stated in no uncertain terms that they will not intervene† and â€Å"Russia and China have vetoed efforts in the UN Security Council to condemn Syria† (Landis, 2012). I used Syria as an introductory case study because it forms a contemporary demonstration of the extent to which states can abuse their sovereignty rights, â€Å"treating [them] as a license to kill† (Bellamy amp; Wheeler, 2011, p. 512). Although the international community has gotten militarily involved in other instances, for various reasons it is not willing to do so in Syria, as it was not ready to intervene in Darfur in 2003-4, when the Sudanese government â€Å"embarked on what the UN has described as a reign of terror† (Bellamy amp; Wheeler, 2011, p. 520), despite previous â€Å"declarations that such crimes must ‘never again’ be allowed to happen† (Stark, 2011, p. 4). In this essay it will be argued that within today’s normative context, especially with our conceptions of humanity and the historical struggle behind it, and with an increasing interdependence of states, the international community is provided with a justification to intervene militarily in states that abuse their sovereignty rights, using unjustified force against their own people, committing genocides or mass atrocities, and causing thereby massive human suffering and a potential hreat to international security. It will be stressed that this justification is strongly linked with the time and normative setting we live in, but also that humanitarian justifications can be abused and must therefore be carried out within a certain framework to be viewed favorably by public opinion. For the scope of this essay, humanitarian intervention will be defined as â€Å"the threat or use of force across borders by a state (or group of states) aimed at [†¦] ending widespread and grave violations of the fundamental human rights of individuals other than its own citizens, without permission of the state within whose territory force is applied† (Holzgrefe amp; Koehane, 2003, p. 18). It is crucial to note that social norms are in constant evolution. They are essential to the understanding of international politics because they define â€Å"the rights and duties states believe they have toward one another [†¦], the goals they value, the means they believe are [†¦] legitimate to obtain these goals, and the political costs and benefits attached to different choices† (Finnemore, 2003, p. 53). As a consequence, the meaning, role and motive of humanitarian missions have changed quite significantly over time. In the 19th century, unlike today, â€Å"intervenors found reasons to identify themselves with the victims of humanitarian disasters in some [†¦] exclusive way†, which is strikingly demonstrated by the fact that â€Å"before the twentieth century virtually all instances of military intervention to protect people other than the intervenor’s own nationals involved protection of Christians from the Ottoman Turks† (Finnemore, 2003, pp. 58). The reason is that Christians were the ones considered worthy of humane treatment and hence of humanitarian protection, while non-Christians were viewed as less deserving of such considerations. Hence, mass murdering by colonizers in their colonies did not prompt intervention, and neither did pogroms against Jews, nor massacres of Native Americans in the United States, nor Russian slaughtering of Turks in the 1860s (ibid. ). Today it would not be morally admissible to consider groups of people less human or less worthy of human right protection, because it has been accepted that there are certain rights that â€Å"all persons have by virtue of personhood alone† (Teson, 2001, p. 1). However, because within earlier normative contexts members of entire ethnicities or cultures were openly considered uncivilized, less human and undeserving of rights, it was difficult for states to justify armed intervention in these peoples’ territories as being solely humanitarian. It was with the abolition of slavery and slave trade, an advance that marked â€Å"one of the greatest moral revolutions in human history† (Lauren, 2011, p. 49), that new norms came into practice, expanding the concept of humanity significantly. Human beings previously viewed as beyond the edge of humanity – as being property – came to be viewed as human, and with that status came certain [†¦] privileges and protections† (Finnemore, 2003, p. 68). Decolonization played a further role in the expansion of humanity. â€Å"The colonialism’s humanitarian mission was to ‘civilize’ the non-European world. [†¦] Until these people were civilized they remained [†¦] less than human†. Decolonization, however, took place when humanity ceased being seen as something one could create, or something culturally dependent, becoming instead something â€Å"inherent in individual human beings† (ibid. . Yet, human rights were not granted a permanent place in political discourse and the international agenda until the atrocities of the holocaust and World War II and the subsequent 1948 UN General Assembly’s ‘Universal Declaration of Human Rights’ (Donnely, 2011). Since then we have been witnessing the emergence of a global human rights order, which â€Å"is based on strong and widely accepted principles and norms but [†¦] weak mechanisms of international implementation†, leaving the administration of human rights to individual nations (Donnely, 2011, p. 496). This historical perspective serves to demonstrate that it has taken a considerable amount of time and struggle for our contemporary conceptions of humanity and human rights to be formed. It is hence intelligible that once the universality of human rights has been accepted, one of the main purposes of states becomes protecting and securing these rights. â€Å"Governments and others in power who seriously violate [human] rights undermine the one reason that justifies their political power, and thus should not be protected by international law† (Teson, 2001, p. 1). This reasoning suggests that there are limitations to the concept of state sovereignty, which is used as one of the main arguments in the case against humanitarian intervention. â€Å"A sovereign state is deemed to be the protector of the security and property of its subjects [†¦]; or the guardian of their rights [†¦]; or the expression of their collective will† (Hoffman, 1995, p. 34). Hence, state sovereignty â€Å"serves valuable human ends† but â€Å"those who grossly assault them should not be allowed to shield themselves behind sovereignty principles† (Teson, 2001, p. 2). This indicates that sovereignty derives from a state’s responsibility to protect the rights and the welfare of its citizens, and that once they fail to do so they lose their right to non-interference and non-intervention (ibid. ). Thus, government illegitimacy is â€Å"a necessary [†¦] condition for the permissibility of intervention† (Teson, 2001, p. 10). However, it is not enough to ground humanitarian intervention â€Å"solely on the moral illegitimacy of a state, because there are [†¦] cases where the collapse of state legitimacy will not be enough to justify intervention† (ibid. . Given, the complexity and costs of intervention and the unpredictability of outcome, intervening for humanitarian purposes becomes reasonable and justified once there is a clear and substantial human suffering that cannot be stopped peacefully. In other instances non-military alternatives, such as diplomatic pressure and sanctions, might be more proportionate to the probl em and hence better justified (Powers, 2012). Nevertheless, it is essential to recognize that if in the past the normative context shaped no moral duty to intervene to alleviate the suffering of all and any kinds of people, today this moral duty exists and fully justifies armed intervention in the case of atrocities and humanitarian disasters, a duty that should weigh more than sovereignty rights. In other words, â€Å"there are circumstances in which the moral good of sovereignty must yield to superior imperatives, those of global humanity- the protection of human beings from intolerable evils such as the violation of their fundamental rights to life and security† (Hoffman, 1995, p. 5). On the other hand, humanitarian interventions require employing substantial material resources and sacrificing one’s own soldiers (Bellamy amp; Wheeler, 2011). On that account, realists, who are skeptical of the existence of universal moral principles (Dunne amp; Schmidt, 2011), do not accept humanitarian intervention as justified, as â€Å"in their opinion, it requires of [†¦] states that they no longer base their policies on their national interest† (Hoffman, 1995, p. 5. ). Yet, this statement seems to be based on a too limited interpretation of national interest. â€Å"[O]ur preference for an international society in which neither the injustices nor the disorder associated with domestic strife and violations of basic rights will run wild should make it clear that certain interventions even in crises that do not affect our physical or economic security directly [†¦] are in the national interest† (Hoffman, 1995, p. 6). The idea of a preferred international society is especially relevant to today’s globalized world order, which increases social interconnectedness and hence moral obligations, and in which â€Å"massive human rights violations in one part of the world have an effect on every other part† (Bellamy, 2010, p. 155), posing a potential threat to the international peace and security. The realist objection to humanitarian intervention arguably goes against the idea of the universality of human values, since it allocates more importance to the lives of a state’s nationals, penalizing [†¦] victims of atrocious injustices who happened, by brute luck, to be born elsewhere (Kymlicka, 2002). Soldiers and resources employed in humanitarian missions are aimed at saving a considerable number of lives and stop mass suffering, which is why once it is accepted as a norm that all human lives have the same value, the realists’ argument does not effectively undermine the moral justification to intervene militarily in the case of mass atrocities caused by governments. The realist view however demonstrates that the question of when humanitarian intervention is justified is quite controversial, and it leads to the consideration that in certain instances humanitarian rationales might be abused, resulting in unjustified interventions. [N]otoriously, Hitler insisted that the 1939 invasion of Czechoslovakia was inspired by a desire to protect Czechoslovak citizens whose ‘life and liberty’ were threatened by their government† (Bellamy, 2010, p. 157). Therefore, interventions today have to be led in specified ways for states to prove they are not â€Å"espous[in g] humanitarian motives as a pretext to cover the pursuit of national self-interest† (Bellamy amp; Wheeler, 2011, p. 512). It is intelligible that the UN, being the body that promotes diplomacy and that makes sovereign states accountable before the law, should be the entity responsible of providing a functioning framework for humanitarian intervention and guaranteeing that mass human killings and suffering will be actively stopped, which would serve as an assurance that intervention will only be carried out when truly justified. However, the UN dictated international law does not tolerate any kind of military aggression in sovereign states unless mandated by the Security Council (ibid. , and the veto power granted to the P5 members of the UNSC can result into the international community formally disregarding humanitarian disasters because of internal political mechanisms and interests. This reality suggests that the UN is in need of reforms in its structure, especially in terms of the veto (Carlsson, 1995), and that consequently, in order to protect people from atrocities it is not enough to rely on form al international law, which is why countries are justified to intervene even without being backed by the Security Council. For their intervention to be accepted as solely humanitarian, states should however seek to follow certain criteria: the intervention should be aimed at protecting a state’s nationals against genocides or substantial mass cruelties; the use of force should be proportionate to the problem and to the good to be achieved; and military forces should only be employed when peaceful alternatives have been exhausted (Powers, 2012). These are the basic prerequisites for interventions to be â€Å"humanitarian†, yet what truly enhances the consensus about such missions today is multilateralism, either under UN supervision or with explicit multipartite support. This is demonstrated by cases such as the cooperation between the U. S. , Britain and France to protect Kurdish and Shiite people in Iraq following the 1991-92 Gulf War, and the efforts of UN and NATO troops to protect civilian populations from Serbian forces in Bosnia, which might have received criticism about their effectiveness but not about their legitimacy (Finnemore, 2003). Multilateralism is especially important because of the difficulty in determining the amount of deaths and suffering that should be tolerated before forceful intervention becomes legitimate, and to establish when a situation becomes a threat to the international community. Multilateral consent serves as a guarantee that a situation is truly an unacceptable violation of human rights, ensuring the legitimacy of intervention and the unlikelihood of abuse of humanitarian justifications. Moreover, multilateralism means cooperation, which entails sharing material and human costs, creating a mechanism of mutual monitoring, enhancing thereby the transparency of the operation (ibid. ). This operational framework offers a pragmatic defense of humanitarian interventions, which combined with an existing moral duty to protect a universal value of humanity, fully justifies armed interventions to stop crimes against humanity. In conclusion, at this point in history, humanitarian intervention is justified when nationals of a country become targets of violent aggressions led by their leaders. This justification is strengthened by the interconnectedness of states in today’s globalized world, suggesting a need for the reconceptualization of state sovereignty, a political ideal that has been often mistakenly viewed as entailing rights rather than responsibilities. Morally, more importance should be given to saving human lives and halting unjust, man-made suffering than to national self-interest and political agendas, an ideal which, however, is not guaranteed by the current international law and UN system. When atrocities cannot be terminated by peaceful means, states are justified to intervene without a UN mandate if the intervention is coordinated multilaterally and the amount of force applied is appropriate to the situation. It remains nonetheless extremely difficult to determine the amount of killings and suffering to be tolerated before engaging in humanitarian intervention. Multilateralism diminishes the possibility of abuse, helps establish the most opportune moment to intervene and renders the whole mission more transparent and hence truly justified. Finally, it seems shameful that despite the intensity of the historical events that led to today’s acceptance of equal humanity and human rights, states still disregard massive violations of these rights as in Syria’s case, giving borders and self-interest more importance than human dignity, failing thereby to act according to their responsibilities in today’s global community. Bibliography Bellamy, A. (2010), â€Å"Peace Operations and Humanitarian Intervention†, chapter 10 in Beeson amp; Bisley ed. â€Å"Issues in 21st World Politics†, Palgrave Macmillan Bellamy, A. and Wheeler, N. (2011), â€Å"Humanitarian Intervention in World Politics†, chapter 31 in Baylis ed. â€Å"The Globalization of World Politics†, Oxford University Press Carlsson, I. (2005), â€Å"The UN at 50: a Time to Reform†, Foreign Policy 100 (Autumn), 3-18 Donnely, J. (2011), â€Å"Human Rights†, chapter 30 in Baylis ed. â€Å"The Globalization of World Politics†, Oxford University Press Dunne, T. and Schmidt, B. , â€Å"Realism†, chapter 5 in Baylis ed. â€Å"The Globalization of World Politics†, Oxford University Press The Economist, (2013), â€Å"The country formerly known as Syria†, Available from: http://www. economist. com/news/briefing/21572198-sectarian-divisions-deepen-war-changing-country-beyond-recognition-country Last accessed: April 7th, 2013 Finnemore, M. (2003), â€Å"The Purpose of Intervention: Changing Beliefs about the Use of Force†, Cornell University Press Hoffman, S. (1995), â€Å"The Politics and Ethics of Humanitarian Intervention†, Survival: Global Politics and Strategy 37 (4), 29-51 Holzgrefe, J. and Koehane, R. 2003), â€Å"Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal and Political Dilemmas†, Cambridge University Press Kymlicka, W. (2002), â€Å"Contemporary Political Philosophy: An Introduction† 2nd ed. , Oxford University Press Landis, J. (2012), â€Å"The Syrian Uprising of 2011: Why the Asad Regime Is Likely to Survive to 2013†, Middle East Policy 19 (1), 72-84 Lauren, P. (2011), â€Å"The Evolution of International Human Rightsâ €  3rd ed. , University of Pennsylvania Press Nebehay, S. (2012), â€Å"Red Cross Ruling Raises Questions of Syrian War Crimes† Available from: http://uk. reuters. om/article/2012/07/14/uk-syria-crisis-icrc-idUKBRE86D09B20120714 Last accessed: April 7th, 2013 Powers, G. (2012), â€Å"Humanitarian Intervention in Syria: A Classic Just War? † Available from: http://www. huffingtonpost. com/gerard-powers/humanitarian-intervention-and-just-war-in-syria_b_1707436. html Last accessed: April 7th, 2013 Stark, A. (2011), â€Å"The Responsibility to Protect: Challenges and Opportunities in light of the Lybian Intervention†, e-International Relations Teson, F. (2001), â€Å"The Liberal Case for Humanitarian Intervention†, State of Florida College of Law

Kapital Essays - Marxian Economics, Human Sexuality, Commodities

Kapital Essays - Marxian Economics, Human Sexuality, Commodities Kapital American Gov. Kapital When one gets down to the roots of capitalism you find that it is a form of government that allows the rich to get richer, the poor, poorer and the middle class to stay the same. Karl Marx wrote a book, Kapital about the what capitalism does to the people in a society, how it takes the humainty out of being and replaces it with x. Not only does it do that but it creates a chain of commodities, fetishisis, and alienation within a society. Commodities are at the top of this chain. A commodity is anything that is produced for exchange. They have two parts to them, the use of the commodity and its value. With women, and men the use of the human body is humanity, doing whatever it is that pleases you, whether it be riding your bike, reading, dancing, whatever, it comes down to your humanity. Their humanity is turned into a value when women have to sell their use to obtain different forms of commodities, to then exchange those commodities for more commodities. In capitalism women are defined by their bodies, and judged by what their bodies can do, and look like. Women have to sell their humanity because in capitalism thats the only thing people have to sell. In capitalism it doesnt matter who or what you are, as long as youre producing something that will make money. Women sell their humanity in different ways, there seems to be a same scale in place with womens jobs, modeling (which is at the far right), stripping (somewh ere in between), and prostitution (which is at the far left). Most wouldnt connect these three with having any basic ground (maybe stripping & prostitution), but their basic ground is that women are all selling there use for some form of a commodity, which most of the time is money. The outcome that that has is profound. Not only does it effect women, and girls, it effects boys and men. Their images of women become so distorted that they begin to believe them. Women become fetishes for both men and women. With any commodity it will become a fetish. Society divides its labor between a multitude of private producers who relate to each other by exchanging their products, (Marxs Kapital For Beginners, page 60) when that happens it gives the use value this imaginary power, which is an fetish. Fetisizing women limits what a woman is, could be, or wants to be, because the fetish with women is sex. A large part of society that puts that and more standards on women are men. Men fetishsize women as sex objects, by supporting prostitution, and strippers, and putting standards on what is beautiful (models). Women become nothing more than sex, and bodies. For men and woman. Not only do they view themselves as sex objects (models, strippers, etc.), but as mothers, and housewives, and anything else society imposes on them. Right now the world is much more open to women being in the work place than it was 50 years ago. Its not so much the housewife anymore, but the images of women you see on television, in movies, magazines, on the street. The problems that woman are having now being alienated from their bodies is something that was just slowly beginning years ago. The real value of what a woman is is lost somewhere in between her use and exchange. Alienation is what use value, and fetishism, all lead to. Men become alienated from who, and what a woman really is. They begin to believe in their fetishes, that women are supposed to be tall, super thin, long legs, large breasts, long hair, and what have you, so that when they are faced with what really is there they wont accept it. Not accepting the reality of it, men become alienated from the real thing. They dont know what a woman really is, just what society tells them a women is. The effects of alienation are much greater on women themselves. Women begin to see themselves in unhealthy ways if they feel theyre not living up to that standard of beauty. Not seeing themselves for themselves begins a whole unhealthy chain

Hot Takes and Spit Takes

Hot Takes and Spit Takes Hot Takes and Spit Takes Hot Takes and Spit Takes By Mark Nichol Take is one of the most generic and therefore versatile verbs (and, as a noun, has multiple senses), prompting an extensive collection of idioms, many of which are listed below. give and take: compromise hot take: a published reaction or analysis of a recent news event that, often because of the time-sensitive nature, doesn’t offer much in the way of deep reflection I take it: a synonym for â€Å"I understand† as an introduction to expressing that the speaker or writer believes that something has occurred or is true and seeks corroboration intake: an opening for the collection or passage of fluid; also, input, or something taken in it doesn’t take: a statement (generally in the past tense) communicating a failure, or the beginning of a statement that some quality is not required to accomplish or understand something (as in â€Å"It doesn’t take a genius to realize that Johns dishonest†) it takes two: two parties are required to achieve a result on the take: being paid to do favors, or receiving bribes outtake: something removed from a piece of media, such as a scene from a television program or a film or a song recorded for but not included on an album; also, a flue or vent retake: the action of filming or recording a scene or a song as an improvement on an earlier instance, or a repeated instance of filming or recording; as a verb, receive or take again, photograph again, or recapture spit take: an act of suddenly spitting out liquid one is drinking in response to something funny or unexpected take a back seat: accept a subordinate role (from the notion of being relegated to the back seat of a vehicle) take a bath: suffer a significant financial loss (from the notion of having one’s wealth cleaned away) take a chill pill: relax take (one) to court: sue someone take (one) to the cleaners: deprive someone of money or possessions (from the notion of having clothes professionally cleaned) take a hike/walk: leave take a load off: a slang invitation to sit and relax take a meeting: participate in a meeting take a powder: leave quickly (origin obscure) take a seat: be seated take a stand: express an opinion on a controversial or divisive issue, or act to defend or attack a status quo take account of: consider or note take advantage of: exploit or profit by take after: resemble in some quality take aim/take aim at: target take an interest in: become interested in an activity or issue take apart: disassemble, or treat harshly or roughly take care of: attend to or provide for take care: be careful take charge: assume command or control take credit: communicate that one is responsible for an outcome take effect: become operative or be effective take exception: object take five: slang indicating permission to cease an activity, such as a rehearsal, for five minutes take for granted: assume, or devalue take (someone) for a ride: cheat or trick (from the notion of offering a person a ride in a vehicle as part of a plot) take fright: become frightened take (something) hard: suffer emotional pain from knowledge of an unfortunate or disadvantageous incident or result take heart: gain confidence or courage take hold: take effect, or grasp take in vain: use a name (generally, that of a deity or religious figure) disrespectfully or profanely take into account: make allowance for take issue: disagree or dispute take it easy: slang urging someone to discontinue acting emotionally or violently, or an informal farewell with the notion of â€Å"be at peace or relaxed† take it on the chin: suffer from an occurrence (on the analogy of being struck by a fist) take it or leave it: expression of an ultimatum take it out on (one): vindictively punish someone for something they are not responsible for take kindly to: be inclined to accept or approve (someone or something) take(s) a load off (one’s mind): relieve(s) pressure or a sense of responsibility take me for: part of a question (such as â€Å"What do you take me for- an idiot?†) with the sentiment â€Å"Do you assume that I am not intelligent or perceptive?† take no prisoners: show no mercy or be relentless take note/take notice of: observe or pay attention to take offense: become offended take office: assume the responsibility of an appointed or elected position take on (something): accept a responsibility take pains: go out of one’s way to effect an outcome take part: participate take place: occur take (one’s) place: figuratively or literally position oneself in a role or among others take root: become established, fixed, or rooted take shape: become distinctly developed or formed take shelter: protect oneself from adverse conditions such as a storm take ship: set out on a voyage take sides: ally with one of two parties, or advocate for one position in a disagreement take the blame: accept responsibility for a negative outcome take the cake: earn a prize (often said sarcastically in reference to outrageous behavior) (one) take(s) the Fifth: said in reference to refusing to divulge information (from the notion of invoking the Fifth Amendment to the US Constitution to protect oneself from self-incrimination) take the floor: stand to formally address an assembly take the plunge: pursue an opportunity, from the notion of diving or jumping into water take the rap: accept responsibility for a mistake or a crime (from underworld slang referring to a criminal charge) take (one’s time): act leisurely take to (something): slang referring to adapting to or becoming comfortable with an activity or a person, or to going to or into take to task: criticize take the trouble: undertake an activity or begin to effect an outcome take (one’s) turn: accept an opportunity to undertake something that two or more people are doing in turn take turns: an admonition to be fair about letting others do something in turn take: (someone or something) take(s) some getting used to: expression of the sentiment that someone or something is difficult to accommodate or is a challenge take water/take on water: figuratively or literally sinking take (one’s) word for it: believe another’s account or explanation what’s your take?: A question requesting one’s version of an incident or analysis of or opinion about an issue Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:85 Synonyms for â€Å"Help†30 Baseball Idioms5 Erroneously Constructed â€Å"Not Only . . . But Also† Sentences

Operations and Quality Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Operations and Quality Management - Assignment Example Visibility: It is perhaps not very necessary for the kitchen and preparation areas of the restaurant to be highly visible to the customers. Medium visibility would be an ideal option in this case. However, since the entire kitchen is "on display" to the customers, there is a high degree of visibility. Variation: There will be a fairly high variation in demand for the dishes at the restaurant. Thus, Yo! Sushi will have to establish corresponding operations to match the variations in demand. There should be a constant check on the demand and other factors should be adjusted accordingly. Yo! Sushi's operations signify that is has a "service shop" process type for the food production based on customer demand. Keeping into view the 4V Profile of the restaurant, this process type complements the profile more than contradicting it. The only setback is that there are a moderate number of transactions and thus the applicability of the service shop process type would be slightly off the mark. However, the other characteristics conform to the 4V profile and complement it. The combination of a cell layout, product and functional layout strategy at Yo! Sushi's makes it very efficient and resilient for change. It is quite optimized and there are few, if any, chances for a change that would make it more effective. For one, the cell layout strategy means that there are tables categorized into cells for each group of 4-6 people that the conveyor belt also caters to. Secondly the product-layout strategy is due to the fact that there is a conveyor belt mounted to the central zone of the restaurant running across it catering to the customers. There is a combination of an assembly line and a fixed-cell layout buffering concept in the kitchen and dining areas making the design suitable for flexible operations. The functional layout is overlapping the cell and product layouts and thus the existing layout of Yo! Sushi is quite comprehensively designed and is in no need of change for the better. The existing technology to process menus and automated handling of demand is a first-class example of how the layout is effective and that there are no changes needed at the moment. The job design is greatly affected by the 4V profile and the aspects of the layout implemented at Yo! Sushi. The fact that there is a great deal of emphasis on quality and flexibility, there is a corresponding effect on the job design: the menu attendants are expected to be flexible and carry out tasks beyond a specific well-defined horizon. They are expected to be aware of the processes in and out of the kitchen in order to make up for any absentees or to complement the short-comings of a particular process or person. The health and safety implications also

Compare and contrast of ncaa and nfl football Essay

Compare and contrast of ncaa and nfl football - Essay Example When an end zone is reached, a turnover is forced by a team, the ball is punt away or the ball is lost on downs. In both NFL and NCAA, team members may fail to achieve ten yards during the four downs, and they are expected to turn the ball over to the opposing team. In this situation, the teams punt the ball away to the opposing team on fourth down; hence, the opposing team has to struggle in scoring a touchdown. Teams in these games have a common objective of getting into the opposing team’s end zone in order to score six points that are referred to as touchdown. Alternatively, they have an option of kicking a field goal to score three points, in situation where they are unable to reach the end zone. Both NFL and NCAA apply two common methods in the play, which include passing the ball to a receiver or running back with the ball. Lastly, both games are played on a field of the same size; 100 yards long with a ten-yard end zone and 53 1/3-yards wide. According to ESPN AMERICA (1), the first difference relates to the playing field, whereby NFL’s field has one-yard hash mark running down the middle of the gridiron, and is aligned to the goal post, seventy feet and nine inches from each side. On the other hand, in NCAA, the hash marks are set wide apart with sixty feet from the side, hence making a wider field to one side, and increased angles for the field goals, when the ball is spotted on the hash. The other difference relates to the goal post widths, whereby, NCAA has uprights that are 23’ 4† apart, while in NFL has a width of 18’ 6†. The ball used in NCAA has white a stripe around the ends in order to make it more visible when in flight during the night, but in NFL, the stripe is absent. In addition, in NCAA, the downed runner, carrying the ball is classed as down when any part of his body except his boots and hands are touching the ground. However, in NFL, a player is downed when touched as he goes to the ground or on the

The mutation rate Essay Example for Free

The mutation rate Essay One of the greatest challenges for evolutionary biology is explaining the widespread occurrence of sexual reproduction, and the associated process of genetic recombination. Sexual reproduction involves one individual combining half its DNA with half of DNA of another individual, so that the offspring is only half genetic copy of each parent. However, in asexual reproduction, the offspring are genetic copies of the parent. Thus, sexual reproduction poses an evolutionary problem because it seems to be half as efficient a method of reproducing as asexual reproduction. Asexual females can potentially produce twice as many daughters as sexual females, so that the ratio of asexual to sexual females should initially double each generation, resulting in the two-fold cost of sex.? In addition to this 50% cost and the dilution of the individuals genome, sexual reproduction also presents other disadvantages in comparison to asexual reproduction. First and foremost there is the cost of recombination favourable gene combinations that have increased in frequency under the action of natural selection are broken up. Secondly, the process of sexual reproduction requires a significant cellular-mechanical cost as sex requires meiosis, syngamy and karyogamy. A great amount of time is taken up by these three processes alone, and far exceeds the time required for two mitotic divisions. Also, these processes are unnecessarily complicated if reproduction is sole objective. Asexual spores and meiosis-bypassing apomixis appears much more efficient. Thirdly, sexual species can not perpetuate what are often fitness-improving types (eg: triploids, aneuploids). Finally, the actual physical contact between organisms/gametes entails risks separate from those that are maintained by sexual competition. One of the primary costs of initial contact is the risk of disease or parasite transmission. Another significant cost associated with fertilisation is the eminent wastage of gametes, or more appropriately in some cases, a waste of effort transmitting gametes. Given all of these costs, we would expect natural selection to favour asexual reproduction in wild populations, however, it generally does not: sexual reproduction is widespread throughout the animal and plant kingdoms. Sexual reproduction must enjoy some evolutionary advantage, which means that the advantage is not caused by the process itself, but by the changes it causes in progeny genotypes (as a result of recombination), which should drive the evolution of sex. Thus, the problem of explaining sex is to find a compensating advantage of sexual reproduction that is large enough to make up for its cost. Many theoretical models have been developed to show the conditions under which there is a sufficiently large short-term advantage for sex to offset this two-fold cost. The general consensus amongst evolutionary biologists is that there are two relatively convincing, modern day theories. Both of these theories are concerned with a deterministic advantage to sex and recombination through the production of genetically variable offspring. This increases efficiency of selection, and hence accelerates the increase in mean fitness. The first of the two theories is known as the Mutational Deterministic Hypothesis (Kondrashov, 1988), and states that sexual reproduction can enable females to reduce the number of deleterious mutations in their offspring. This idea requires that each deleterious mutation leads to a greater decrease in log fitness than the previous mutation (synergistic epistasis between deleterious mutations). The principle theme is that when this is the case, sexual reproduction increases the variance in the number of mutations that will be carried by the offspring. The subsequent lowered fitness of the individuals carrying above average numbers of such deleterious mutations will lead to an increased number of deleterious mutations being eliminated from the population. If the resultant mutation rate per generation is sufficiently high, then this process can theoretically fully compensate for the two-fold cost of sex. However, the genomic mutation rate (U) is exactly where the problem lies, as the plausibility of such a Ratetheory is dependent upon a relatively high rate of mutation within the genome. A female gains the advantage whatever the deleterious mutation rate, but the relative benefit increases with the mutation rate. But what deleterious mutation rate is needed to outweigh the two-fold cost of sex? Kondrashov suggests that the answer depends essentially on the details of the theoretical model, but a rate of about one new deleterious mutation per individual is probably sufficient. Thus, sex becomes advantageous relative to cloning if U is more than about one. This is the most controversial point in this theory, because deleterious mutation rates have historically been thought to be much lower. Mukai has performed a number of experiments on Drosophila and deduced that a mutation rate of 0. 5 per individual per generation was sufficient. The problem concerning mutation rates is difficult to solve as there is no strong factual evidence that exists to rule out mutation rates as high as are required for sex to prosper. However, Mukais estimate of 0. 5 per individual was a lower bound estimate, and his results are also compatible with a figure greater than one. The second of the two modern day models ignores the effect of deleterious mutations and concentrates on external environmental change. This model suggests that sex accelerates adaptation to a changing environment by creating new gene combinations.

can you remember birth? Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Freud, people are unable to remember when they are born because it is a traumatic experience, and such experiences are placed in the unconscious, meaning they are forgotten, unintentionally. Being born is a traumatic experience because of the fact that a fetus is, basically, being pulled from an environment that it has gotten used to over the course of nine months. This environment is one in which there was food, warmth, and comfort. When the child is born, it comes into a cold, dry, loud place, totally unlike the warm, muffled sounds of the womb, and it is a shocking experience.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For a newborn, this is not only too much for their brain to process, it shocks them into repression. In sociology, this rapid introduction into a new world is known as culture shock, in which the subject being introduced has no idea where they are or what to do, and there is a type of panic. This panic causes the brain to lose the information, that is called repression. By definition, repression is the process by which the unpleasant or traumatic incident is pushed into the unconscious and forgotten. There are about 100 billion different nerves and receptors in the brain of a newborn, but they work at such a rudimentary level, that they are incapable of holding that information. This could also be a reason why birth is a forgotten part of life and pushed to an unconscious level in the brain. The brain functions as the center of human thought, and those thoughts that are unpleasant, or cause trauma, are, somehow, forgotten. This repression forces those thoughts away from the conscious brain. Some people say that they have dreams of being born, and this is not totally ridiculous. These people have such dreams because the repressed memories are resurfacing in the dream, and people experience these visions. Often times, they do not even remember having the dream or having the sensation of being born because it is a part of the unconscious. Freud says that†¦ repression is one of the strongest and most regularly used defense mechanisms because it is easier to put something out of one’s mind, than to try to ignore it (Wood 433). According to a study by Nelson and Ross in 1980, the following hypothesis was formed: Children would show early childhood amnesia and that this could be tested by comparing obtained e... ...hildren remember very few things that they want to, or the things that have not been repeated throughout their lives. Birth is an event in the life of a child that is very traumatic because of the type of â€Å"culture shock† that they experience. When pulled from their mother’s womb, a child enters a cold world, where they are forced to breathe differently and are no longer secluded from the rest of the world around them and their mother. It is a memory that is repressed unintentionally, but is still there, as Freud would tell one, without hesitation. The unconscious controls the instincts of people and reactions to the world around them, and is as much a part of life as the conscious mind or the preconscious mind, but serves the roll of a storage space or closet, in which humans hide their deepest thoughts and most unpleasant thoughts, as well. Those who are able to remember their birth are people that have something called total recall, which means they know and understand everything about their own life history, including the trauma of birth and all the unpleasant events that will follow during their lifetime. But that is highly unlikely and these persons are few and far between.

Analysis Kite Runner

The Kite Runner was written by Khaled Hosseini who tells a story of a boy who lived in Kabul, and eventually moved to America. In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini explains that every action you take in life has a consequence, he shows us through the examples of turmoil in Amir’s life. Amir had two major decisions to make that determined the outcome of his life along with the ones surrounding him. The first was Amir’s decision to keep his silence and his refusal to share a hideous act that he saw and hid from.The second was his decision to go back to his homeland in Kabul, and try and make right what he did. Khaled shows us that each decision we make in life has a consequence, he shows an example of this with Amir’s decision to keep silent and not tell his father or anyone that he had seen Hassan get raped. Hassan eventually tells Ali that he had gotten raped. After an incident in the house Ali tells Baba (Amir’s Father) â€Å"Life here is impossible for u s now, Agha sahib. We’re leaving† (106).At this time Amir could choose to tell his father everything that he saw, and everything that Assef did. He chooses to let Hassan and Ali leave thinking it will make life easier for him. The consequence of this action leads to Hassan living a separate life from Amir, which in turn leads to Hassan’s murder. Each choice that Amir made had a consequence whether good or bad, there was a consequence. The second decision Amir made, was to return back to Kabul. Amir’s choice would have many life altering consequences.Amir’s decision to return to Kabul helped him learn that Hassan was his half-brother and that he had a nephew. When Amir decided to go rescue Sohrab from Assef, for the first time in years Amir’s pain and turmoil would finally be healed. This healing came from the pain he should have received from standing up to Assef in the alley way when they had cornered Hassan. When Assef and Amir fought and A mir was getting beat badly he thought â€Å"I felt healed. Healed at last† (289). The last time Amir had felt this way right before he saw Hassan get raped.Amir’s decision to return to Kabul gave Amir the opportunity to be healed and rescue his half-brother’s son. In the human life people are faced with many decisions, a very good example of this is within Amir’s life. In The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini explains that every action you take in life has a consequence, through the examples of turmoil in Amir’s life. With every decision and every action we make there is a consequence. The biggest decision in Amir’s life was to keep his silence and his refusal to share hat he saw happen to Hassan. He chose not to tell his father or anyone in his childhood life, because of this Hassan and Ali leave Amir and Baba. They go on a separate path from Baba and Ahmir. The second was Amir’s choice to return to Kabul to search for Sohrab and rescue h im from an orphanage. This led to Amir’s healing and ability to be truly happy again. The story The Kite Runner shows us that each choice we make has a consequence whether it is good or bad there is always a consequence.

Being Single

Being  single doesn't necessarily mean you're available. Sometimes you have to put up a sign that says, â€Å"Do Not Disturb† on your heart. | If  you aren't happy being single you will never be happy in a relationship. Get your own life and love it first, then share it. If  you're single, focus on being a better you instead of looking for someone better than your ex. A better you will attract a better next. Being  single doesn't necessarily mean one is not wanted. In many cases it means that one knows what they want and if they can't find that someone special then they'll remain single forever because they're OK and happy with who they are and just want that someone special to complete them and take their happiness a higher level. â€Å"Being single† is a term used to describe the state of a person being single and not committed. A single person unlike a committed person is not involved in any relationship. A single person has a multitude of friends and acquaintances and enjoys his single status. Being single is a privilege for many, since they are free to live life individually, without the pressures and expectations that are often associated with a committed relationship. Life is truly an unpredictable affair and you have no idea about how it can change at any point of time. So, people some people prefer being single rather than getting committed to someone. Dealing with relationships and making them successful is not everyone’s cup of tea. Relationships require emotional investment, as well as a lot of time to make things work. So, staying single is what people prefer usually. Stephanie Mills had once remarked, â€Å"I enjoy being single, but I loved being married. †

Free Essays on Problem With America

Problem: That hate toward Americans, due to casualties set by American soldiers in Iraq being passes on from generation to generation. Causing world peace to never come or come much later. One day, I was playing an internet game, and notices that there was a chat room, on the side of the game, for people who are playing that particular game. I did not pay much attention to what was being said within the chat room nor participated in any conversation. Until I came across a message, typed by a young teen, from over seas. The message I saw read, â€Å"I hate Americans, because they killed my brother in Iraq†. I felt a bit angry at such message, and disabled the chat. However, this message may prove that there may be a problem that is going to take a while to resolve. The problem is that if young teens already are experiencing hate toward Americans, that same teen may grow up to pass the same hate onto their children, and their children would pass it on to their children, and so on. Due to this, world peace may never come or may not come anytime soon. The way this problem can be solved may take excellent thinking and intelligent thoughts. We could probably take all troops out of the war and convince any people, who feel the same as the previously mentioned teen, that we were actually there to resolve problems and eventually bring peace among the world. Or do another number of things. Whatever can be decided should be done. If this problem is resolved we will have a better chance of protecting our future for younger people throughout the world and people that are to come after those. If the problem is handled with properly the world would be better off, that means there would be less violence and hate throughout the world, also known as world peace.... Free Essays on Problem With America Free Essays on Problem With America Problem: That hate toward Americans, due to casualties set by American soldiers in Iraq being passes on from generation to generation. Causing world peace to never come or come much later. One day, I was playing an internet game, and notices that there was a chat room, on the side of the game, for people who are playing that particular game. I did not pay much attention to what was being said within the chat room nor participated in any conversation. Until I came across a message, typed by a young teen, from over seas. The message I saw read, â€Å"I hate Americans, because they killed my brother in Iraq†. I felt a bit angry at such message, and disabled the chat. However, this message may prove that there may be a problem that is going to take a while to resolve. The problem is that if young teens already are experiencing hate toward Americans, that same teen may grow up to pass the same hate onto their children, and their children would pass it on to their children, and so on. Due to this, world peace may never come or may not come anytime soon. The way this problem can be solved may take excellent thinking and intelligent thoughts. We could probably take all troops out of the war and convince any people, who feel the same as the previously mentioned teen, that we were actually there to resolve problems and eventually bring peace among the world. Or do another number of things. Whatever can be decided should be done. If this problem is resolved we will have a better chance of protecting our future for younger people throughout the world and people that are to come after those. If the problem is handled with properly the world would be better off, that means there would be less violence and hate throughout the world, also known as world peace....

Number of McDonalds Restaurants Worldwide

Number of McDonalds Restaurants Worldwide According to the McDonalds Corporation website (as of January 2018), McDonalds has locations in 101 countries. More than 36,000 restaurants around the world serve 69 million people every day. However, some of those locations listed as countries are not independent countries at all, such as Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, which are United States territories, and Hong Kong, which at the time of establishment was under British control, before its handoff to China. On the flipside, there is a McDonalds on the island of Cuba, though its technically not on Cuban soil - its on the American base at Guantanamo, so it qualifies as an American location. Regardless of country definition, 80 percent of the locations are owned and operated by franchisees, and 1.9 million people work for McDonalds. In 2017, revenue for the fast-food restaurant amounted to $22.8 billion. In 1955 Ray Kroc opened his first location in Illinois (the original restaurant being in California); by 1965 the company had 700 locations. Just two years later the company officially went international, opening in Canada (Richmond, British Columbia)  and Puerto Rico in 1967. Now, Canada has 1,400 McDonalds restaurants, and Puerto Rico boasts 104. Canadas McDonalds locations are the biggest restaurant buyer of Canadian beef in the country. Different McMenus Worldwide Besides buying their ingredients where they operate, around the world the restaurants also adapt the McDonalds menu to local tastes, such as Japan serving a pork patty teriyaki  burger and Seaweed Shaker or chocolate-drizzled fries, Germany serving shrimp cocktail, Italys burger being topped with  Parmigiano-Reggiano  cheese, Australia offering a guac salsa or a bacon cheese sauce as a topping for fries, and French customers being able to order a caramel banana shake. Available only in Switzerland is the McRaclette, a sandwich of beef that includes slices of raclette cheese, gherkin pickles, onions, and a special raclette sauce. But forget the beef in India. There the menu includes vegetarian options, and they specialize the cooks in the kitchen - people cooking meats, such as chicken, dont cook the vegetarian dishes.   Historically Significant Worldwide Locations During the Cold War, some of openings of the countries McDonalds restaurants were seen as historic events, such as the first ones in East Germany shortly after the Berlin Wall fell in late 1989, or in Russia (then the U.S.S.R.) in 1990 (thanks to prerestroika and glastnost) or other Eastern Bloc nations and China during the early 1990s as well.   Is McDonalds the Largest Fast-Food Chain in the World? McDonalds is a huge and mighty fast-food chain but is not the largest. Subway is the largest, with 43,985 stores in 112 countries  as of early 2018. Again, many of these countries are not independent and are merely territories. And Subways restaurant count certainly includes all those that are part of other buildings (as half of a convenience store, for example) rather than counting only standalone restaurant locations. The third runner-up is KFC (formerly Kentucky Fried Chicken), with 20,500 locations in 125 countries, according to its official website. Other widely spread worldwide food brands that the United States has exported include Pizza Hut (14,000 locations, 120 countries), and Starbucks (24,000 locations, 75 markets).

Strictly confidential Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strictly confidential - Essay Example The memory stick which consists of information on all the 84,000 prisoners in England and Wales is now entirely investigated. It includes some release dates as well as information about 43,000 most intricate and persistence offenders as described by the Deputy Information Commissioner (Sky News, 2008). Out of the most likely consequences is the one that the criminals will bring legal acts next to the government and the taxpayer would have to pay for the injuries to the people who appear to be a bit contemptible for the reason of the government's inability. The loss of the memory stick with the details of the prisoners was initially reported to the government, by a London-based consulting company called the PA Consulting Group, with a contract to track the movement of the offenders through the criminal justice system (Burns, 2008). Classified information about almost 130,000 prisoners as well as dangerous criminals has been lost ... According to the Home Office, an internal report is supposed to be carried out in to the data security arrangements between the Home Office and its contractor, PA Consulting. 2.2 Identification of Stake-Holders The individuals or groups which are affected by the outcome of a decision are construed as stake-holders. Amongst the primary stake-holders are the prisoners and criminals whose information has been lost. Home-Office was responsible for the loss of the personal information. Secondly, the tax-payers are another group of stake-holders affected by the outcome. The secondary stake holders are the police force which is responsible for of guaranteeing the personal information of the prisoners. The stake-holders were supposed to safe-guard the confidential details of the prisoners and criminals which they failed to do. The data had been misplaced by the PA consulting group, which was supposed to track and examine the critical offenders in the JTrack programme. 3. Professional Codes The professional conducts do not seem to construe to the case discussed above for the reason that the people responsible for the misplacing of information did not uphold the reputation and good standing of the British Computer Society, and also, their profession in general. Moreover, they did not seek to participate in the improvisation of the professional gradations through participation in their development, usage as well as implementation. The British Computer

Satire in Candide Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Satire in Candide - Term Paper Example After revealing that the profound distrust of Voltaire of rationalist theology and metaphysics gave him an image of being inescapably ‘anti-Leibnitzien’, it reveals that, oddly, Voltaire, just like Leibniz, was committed to enlightened, open-minded, and liberal political rule which could mitigate suffering and poverty, create educational and scientific traditions, scorn religious discrimination and fallacy, and choose happiness and fortune over violence and war (Levine, 1999, 249-250). This paper explains how Voltaire satirizes the philosophy of optimism as well as other institutions of the day in his work ‘Candide’. Satire is defined as a literary device whose goal is to improve society and the human condition by poking fun at individuals and various institutions with the goal of bringing awareness and reform. Satire can be grouped into three categories, Horatian (mild, good natured, tolerant and sympathetic), Juvenalian (vituperative, biting and filled with moral indignation), and Menippean (attacks on mental attitudes instead of specific individuals). Candide contains both Horatian and Jeuvenalian elements of satire. There are various types of satirical devices among them being, hyperbole, irony, allusion, parody, oxymoron, and understatement. New ideas, fresh interpretations, and original thought characterized the period known as the Enlightenment in the eighteenth Century. Scientific discovery was flourishing which brought new discoveries that challenged the traditional power of religion. Influential writers and philosophers of this age, Voltaire being prominent among them, sought to better the human condition and advance human thinking through truth and humorous criticism. Voltaire employs scathing satire to ridicule the ideologies of the Old Regime by criticizing most of the political, social, and religious ideals of his time. More specifically however, Voltaire chose as

A rhetorical analysis on How Society in the United States Views Research Paper - 1

A rhetorical analysis on How Society in the United States Views Abortion and what impact the media has on that view - Research Paper Example Iyengar, Shanto; Hahn, Kyu S. Red Media, Blue Media: Evidence of Ideological Selectivity in Media Use. Journal of Communication, 59.1 (2009): 19-39 - This article is geared towards showing that the public is always aligned towards media houses that cover news that are aligned to their political interests. It follows then that there is a partial selectivity on the news that people on National television due to a perceived bias. Such a trend is worrying and may erroneously inform the public which negatively impacts the society. The article concentrates on proliferation of biased media houses which is important for this paper in the abortion debate perception. National Survey of State Laws. Abortion. 16th Nov 2012. Web 2008 http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/abortion.aspx - This is the primary text that provides information about the different legislations that govern the abortion debate. Most of these legislations are quite controversial and they have led to a polarized public with two extreme views on the debate. Rohlinger, Deana A. "Friends and foes: Media, politics, and tactics in the abortion war." Social Problems 53.4 (2006): 537-561 - This paper concentrates on how politics and the media interplay to inform the public about the abortion debate. Both politics and media strategies influence each other in presenting facts about sensitive debates touching on the US public. The media on its part employs different tactics to bring out their messages to the public which influences perceptions of controversial issues in US. As such, this article provides important information on the broad tactics used by media and enhances knowledge on the dynamics of politics in the abortion debate. Weitz, Tracy A., and Yanow Susan. â€Å"Implications of the Federal Abortion Ban for Womens Health in the United States.† Reproductive Health Matters, 16.31 (2008): 99-107 - Authors of this article expound on the impacts of the Partial Birth

Automated Library System and Integration of Automated Library System Essay Example for Free

Automated Library System and Integration of Automated Library System Essay For the past century, change occurred rapidly in professional industry and has posed significant challenges to those who always tries to be the leader in the professional field. The information waves or some called the information revolution triggered by the rising of networking technologies and personal computers has also impacted to an institution that is quite unknown to some but essential to the community, the library institution. Libraries, as we know of as buildings with stacks of books, magazine, news, files, periodicals and signs of silence all around, may face its extinction someday. One may not run to the library or a librarian for information, but to ones own computer which is the basic of automation. The uprising of globalization, marketization, and privatization had bring significant changes the long-held political and economic beliefs. Governments and social sponsors have been propagating that social institutions—be they hospitals, schools, colleges, and libraries—become self-sufficient if they are to purposefully work and demonstrate their relevance and competence to their clients. Institutional excellence will now have to be achieved through the arm race of technologies rather than through rules, regulations and controls.. Librarians and information managers, therefore, are being asked to generate revenue to become self-sustaining as much as possible. In Malaysia, libraries and information centers have begun to realize that marketing of information products and services is an integral part of administration, especially as a means for improving user satisfaction and promoting the use of services by current and potential users. The main arsenal for libraries in Malaysia can utilize would be the automated library system and integration of automated library system. These systems has proven that it can improve substantially the services that a common library can offer. An integrated library system (ILS), also known as a library management system is a system for a library, used to track, orders made, items owned bills paid, and patrons who have borrowed. An Integrated Library System usually consist of a type of relational database, software to interact with that database. Then there’s user interface that would interact with user and also patrons of the library. There are also modules which include acquisition, circulation, cataloguing, serials, OPAC (public interface for users). These features ease the user of library in their research or other tasks. However these systems are strangers to most library institution in Malaysia. It has been implement in only a handful of institutions such as UiTM , UM ,UTM and few more private institution. This scenario happened not because Malaysia don’t have such capabilities to grab these technologies but lack of marketing strategies to in promoting the use of such systems. Three main factors, namely the information explosion, the technology revolution, and escalating library costs are responsible for encouraging the library profession in Malaysia to develop a marketing approach in its operations and services. Some information service managers feel that marketing is inimical to the nature of their activities. But with steep competition from other institution in the country, marketing is a factor for survival. There are some radical marketing strategies in order to market information systems library in Malaysia that can be apply. These strategies can be interpreted by the market the market targeted , extraordinary plans that could raise attention and also drastic measures from the national bodies and major institution and organizations. Market or target users for information systems library in Malaysia must be thoroughly defined first in order for the technologies to grow in our soil. In Malaysia, the target public and audience would be mostly students which consist of various layer of education level. Their needs and demands in library services such as navigation, guides in their research can be fulfill through the systems. By studying their likes would help in plans of promoting the system and also could meet the target audience easier Introduction of the system or better yet the education of the systems’ use and functions to the public is prior in marketing the information system. Malaysia has various kind of media channel such as the radio, television, satellite channels and vast amount of printed materials. Advertising the information systems in libraries by making a short clip with a twist of a little drama and education in the system’s role assisting users to their needs. The education should also be consistent and updated periodically to refresh audience’s knowledge and awareness from time to time. Integration of information system through networking can also be a good marketing strategies for institution in Malaysia since the distance is no more a factor and a mutual bond already existed between education institution in Malaysia. This could help a wide spread of information system network which applies the same system and processes wherever its located in the country. This could ultimately be far more efficient for the users ( mainly the students) in using the system anywhere they want since it would incorporated the same user interface , functions, database . Technologies has also developed a new kind of attraction for the users nowadays. It offers applications and software that allows users to interact with each other , socialize through wire, gain information and keep updated through high speed network. Information system in libraries and integrated system can absorb and assimilate this application in its chain of function which would be more interactive and give the users more experience of the cyber networking via an information system in a library. Also, some more value add to the systems could attract more library user such as networking andweb browsing which would help the customer expand their search wider. There are also marketing strategies that could be implemented throughout government assistance is standardizing all the library institution by ensuring that every library in the country must be equipped with the automated information and integrated system. Although it is a quite a risky and costly for some , but the services would surely improved and would extend the image of libraries in Malaysia as a benchmark for other institution in the country. The government could also help promoting and marketing this system by introducing it to the primary and secondary level education in form of a mini automated system that can easily be used by those ages of kids in their own school library which would familiarize and make them easier to adapt to the real system in the future. Another strategies in extending the information system is through the enhancement of library personnel ‘s professional knowledge and skills for marketing the information system and services that a library offer. Library personnel should enhance their professional skills with technical knowledge and diverse skillset. This would drastically changed the user perception thus promoting the system in a way of its own. Conclusion is that these automated library system and integration of automated library system in Malaysia will succeed if the campaign focus on some important aspect of the process such as increasing the clientele and reaching out to them. Unless the information is used , it is major waste to the resources. Other than that, always ensure that product innovation and flexibility always evolve throughout the period and the financial viability for the whole process maintained at a safe level. There should also some kind of awareness and cooperation in between major organization , government ,institution and the user itself . With all that , it would not be impossible for library institution in Malaysia can also change and compete with other international institution that has long exceed us in information technologies and libraries management.

Sport And Aggressive Behavior Essay -- essays research papers fc

Sports and Aggressive Behavior Sport and aggressive behavior, Do sports create aggressive behavior, or simply attract people who are already aggressive? Aggression and sport have gone together as long as sports have been around, be it the players themselves, to the parents, coaches, or spectators, they just seem to be an inseparable part of each other. The term violence is defined as physical assault based on total disregard for the well being of self and others, or the intent to injure another person (2. Coakley). Intimidation usually does not cause physical harm, but often is designed to produce psychological consequences, enabling one person to physically over power or dominate another. These statements as defined by the author, Jay J. Coakley, is what people today have made a must part on sport. Pleasure and participation sports absolutely cannot be grouped with power and performance sports when in relation to aggression. Pleasure sports are simply played for pleasure. Score is usually not kept. The athletes p articipating are usually on occasion doing it for fun and exercise. A majority of athletes who have been playing sports since they were little, have probably been pounded into their heads that to be successful in sport, you need to be aggressive, and at some times, unnecessary. Also that to get what you want, you have to go at it with all force. Not that this is wrong but, this attitude in today's society has been a major problem factor to the athletes when they get older, to get into trouble with the law. Those long-term effects of so-called discipline, patterns develop these destructive behaviors. (9. Montague) Although some people are still in belief that aggressive behaviors in all forms are grounded into instincts, but they also relate these actions to sports. Their parents played, who were known for their aggressive behavior, so the child feels that they have to live up to that expectation.( 6. Storr) Athletes do have to be aggressive to a point, so that the team can form a st rategy to win. There is also a limit to aggression when it turns into violence. People might say that it's not aggression or violence, its just adrenaline pumping. Adrenaline isn't even similar to violence. Aggression, maybe, but nothing that would be harmful to anyone else. This might be a factor to why contact sports are so popular. For example, football, hockey, rugb... ...o suffer by an outcome that nobody wants to see, doing away with sports in general. Bibliography 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aggression and Violence, social interactionists perspectives. , Richard B. Felson and James T. Tedeschi 1993 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sport in Society, Issues and Controversies 6th edition, Jay J. Coakley 1998 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anger, Madness, and the Daimaonic; the pyschologists genesis of Violence, evil and creativitiy. Stephen A. Diamond 1996 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A History of Aggression Freud, Paul E. Stepansky 1977 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Violent Men; an inquiry into the pychology of violence, Hans Toch 1969 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human Aggression, Anthony Storr 1968 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Creation of Deviance, Interpersonal and organized determinants, Richard Hawkins, Gary Fredman, 1975 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Power and Innocence, Rollo May 1972 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Man and Aggression, Ashley Montague 1968 10.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adolescents and their Families, Paths of Ego Development, Stuart T. Hauser, Sally I. Powers, Gil G. Noam 1991

Advertising & Sales Promotion on Cement Industry

ASSIGNMENT ADVERTISING & SALES PROMOTION CEMENT INDUSTRY PROF. ANAND DESAI SATISHKUMAR BIRADAR Roll no 07 (MMM IV) The cement industry has come a long way since 1914 when the first cement plant was set up at Porbandar. In the past, the government's regulation restricted the growth of the Indian cement industry. The removal of these controls resulted in rapid progress in terms of new capacity creation and higher production. As of March 2012, the country had an installed cement capacity of around 325-330 million tonnes with most of the capacities being added only during the last decade. | Evolution of the cement industry The cement industry is one of India's core sectors. The country's first cement plant was set up in Porbandar, Gujarat in 1914. Earlier, the government regulated the industry with licensing, price and distribution controls. A gradual removal of these controls resulted in rapid capacity creation. Following this, the country moved from a cement scarcity situation to a sur plus position. As of March 2012, the pan India total installed cement capacity stood at around  325-330 million tonnes. Currently, India is the second-largest producer of cement in the world.The evolution of the cement industry in India can be broadly divided into three periods – the period of total government control (up to 1982), the period of partial decontrol (1982 to 1989) and the period of total decontrol (after 1989). Period of total government control Events during the period of government control This period marked the beginning of cement industry where government, with an intention to promote the sector, exercised strict control over the industry. It set out production limits, price as well as the distribution channels that should be employed to sell cement.This was aimed at ensuring fair prices to producers and consumers across the country, thus reducing regional imbalances. The fixed price at which producers would sell cement was based on the cost of production of cement throughout the country plus a marginal profit. This price contained a freight component that was averaged over the country as a whole. If the actual freight component of a manufacturer was lower than that included in the uniform price, producers had to pass on the amount to the pool sum, representing the difference between the uniform price freight component and the freight costs incurred by them.On the other hand, if the actual freight incidence was higher than the freight element accounted for in the uniform price, producers were reimbursed the difference. This freight pooling system encouraged producers to set up manufacturing plants across the country. Before this system, the industry was concentrated in the eastern part of the country where accesses to raw materials were readily available. However, a drawback of this system was the lack of incentive to producers to minimise costs since they would be reimbursed by the uniform pricing system.As a result, the average cos t of production as well as demand for scarce railway capacity increased. Period of partial government decontrol Events during the period of partial decontrol On account of inefficiencies of the uniform price system, the government introduced a system of partial decontrol in 1982. A levy quota of 66. 6 per cent for sales to the government was imposed on existing units while for new and sick units the quota was lowered to 50 per cent. The balance 33. 4 per cent could be sold in the open market to general consumers.A ceiling price was set for sales in the open market to protect consumers from unreasonable high pricing. During this period, cement producers were able to earn profits from the levy sale to government at fixed prices. But for the non-levy sales, profits decreased as there was a sudden increase in cement supply in the open market which led to greater competition among the manufacturers. During this period, the government gradually reduced the levy quota and increased retenti on prices  in order to  increase the profitability on sales in the open market.Period of total decontrol Events post decontrol In 1989, the government removed all price and distribution controls. The system of freight pooling was scrapped and a subsidy scheme, to ensure availability of cement at reasonable prices in remote and hilly regions, was implemented. This opened up opportunities in the industry and was marked by huge investments in the coming years. Industry structure As of March 2012, the total installed cement capacity  Ã‚  in India stood at approximately  325-330 million tonnes.The industry can be broadly classified into pan-India, regional and standalone players. Pan-India players include large players like Holcim group companies- ACC and Ambuja   and Aditya Birla group company- UltraTech Cement (including Samruddhi Cement)  . Companies of both these groups are adding capacities through either greenfield or brownfield expansions. Players whose presence is res tricted to one or two regions, with a stronghold in the markets of their respective operations are included in the category of regional players.Key examples of players included in this segment are Jaiprakash Associates (North and Central), Lafarge (concentrated in the East), India Cement (South), Shree Cement (North), Binani Cement (North), Kesoram Industries (South),  Chettinad Cement (South), Dalmia Cement (South), Madras Cement (South) etc. Players like Panyam Cement, Penna Cement, etc, are concentrated  and operational  in few states within a region. Owing to their largely local reach, these players are classified as standalone players. Industry structure as of March 2012Industry status There’s something about walls and advertising. It’s ironic, really. On the one hand, you have telecom brand Airtel talking of breaking down walls (‘Deewarein Gir Jaati Hain’), while on the other, you have Ambuja Cement talking of unbreakable walls (‘Yeh Deew aar Nahin Tootegi’). Obviously, the context is vastly different in the two cases, but one can’t help but notice the strikingly opposite thoughts, executed along similar lines. | The demolition talks in progress| | Boy, interrupted| | Bulldozer fails| |The stumped builder| | Rejoicing children| | ‘Ambuja Cement. Yeh Deewaar nahin tootegi'| A new television commercial (TVC) for Ambuja Cement, created by Grey Worldwide, revolves around the story of a wall that doesn’t break, seasoned with an emotional (almost humanitarian) twist. The TVC opens on a shot of the caretaker of an orphanage introducing the children to a Mr Choksi. She tells them that Choksi is going to build a hotel on the site of the orphanage. At this point, a little boy says to Choksi, â€Å"Sir, par last time†¦ † but he is shushed by an older boy. The following morning, the heartless Choksi arrives with bulldozer in tow. At his signal, the bulldozer delivers a powerful blow on the building, but is unable to bring it down. The little boy tries to explain again, but is stopped midway again by the elder one. Choksi tries his best, but is not able to demolish the orphanage. As he wonders about the strength of the building, the little boy says, â€Å"Arre sir, last time bhi yeh deewar nahin tooti thi (Sir, even last time, this wall could not be broken down). As a disappointed Choksi leaves with his men, the children and their caretaker start dancing in joy, and the voiceover concludes, â€Å"Ambuja Cement. Yeh Deewaar Nahin Tootegi. † For the longest time ever, Ambuja has been harping on its ‘giant compressive strength’ proposition; the brand even created the visual of a ‘giant’ and then a broken hammer. Perhaps its most memorable ad was the one involving two estranged brothers trying to break down the wall that runs between their houses (Bhai Bhai, featuring Boman Irani, which was released six years ago).After that humorous attem pt, came some ads which presented the brand in a sentimental vein (the Dadi ad), a move that Vivek Deshpande, Ambuja Cement’s vice-president for brand and promotions, agrees was rather disastrous, so much so that the Bhai Bhai ad was recalled. â€Å"Our new ad is a correction of this,† he says, adding that the brand will now strike a balance between emotion and humour. The new film clearly explores a situation where a wall should not break for the right reasons.Priti Nair, national creative director, Grey Worldwide, says that the strength of the wall was juxtaposed with the strength of character of the orphanage caretaker and the children. â€Å"Cement is a low involving category,† says Nair. So, the children element and the often used Bollywood type plot (victory of good over evil) were added to make the ad more entertaining. Nair and her team wanted to stay away from the stereotypical ‘milavat (adulteration)’ type ads for cement, or even those inv olving big buildings and pride of ownership. â€Å"We wanted to show the victory of the underdogs,† she explains.The ad has been directed by Abhinay Deo of Ramesh Deo Productions, who says that the film had to strike a perfect pathos-humour balance. Interestingly, the initial idea was to show that the kids are also surprised when the wall doesn’t crack. â€Å"But we ruled that out,† Deo says, because the innocence of a small boy trying desperately to make the big, bad builder understand what his predecessors couldn’t do, would add to the fun element. â€Å"Another older child warning him to stay quiet in a rather knowing fashion builds the suspense,† he grins.

Convocation Address Essay

As part of his attempts to survive the horrors of the camp, Faludy (a university professor) gave mini-lectures in the barracks at night on a variety of subjects. Some of the fellow prisoners eagerly joined in; others declined. Faludy notes, â€Å"Those who died . . . ere always the men who had been most determined to survive, those who had concentrated on nothing but food, sleep and warmth . . . I was reluctant to admit the obvious: that delighting in a good poem or discussing Plato’s Socratic dialogue could somehow arm the spirit to the point that it could prevent the body’s collapse. † He concludes his address with this realization: â€Å"Our whole fragile tradition of art and thought is neither an amusement nor a yoke. For those who steep themselves in it, it provides both a guide and a goal for surpassing all the half-baked ideologies that have blown up at our feet in this century like landmines . . All we have to guide us in this present is the accumulated thought and experience of those who have lived before us. † This convocation address has had a significant impact on my view of education. Most people agree that there is potentially something noble about teaching, yet Faludy proves it. I am reminded of film critic Roger Ebert’s assessment of the film Life is Beautiful in which Ebert argues that since Jewish prisoner Guido is a clown, comedy becomes his weapon. Faludy was an educator. Education was his weapon. As it is for us all.